Introduction
The profession of nursing is considered as a sensitive
profession. Proper need of study and guidance are the prominent
factors before putting this profession into practice. Research
findings are expected to incorporate knowledgeably into such
professional practices. It has been found out that
health care organizations have began to create methods to
support the process of information translation towards a
professional nursing practice.
Previously, the term ‘evidence-based practice’ was known as
‘evidence-based medicine’. This was the result of the
identification of scientific evidence in clinical decision-
making.
Various definitions of evidence-based practice have been
mentioned. According to a definition evidence-based practice
(EBP) is, ‘the practice of health care in which the practitioner
systematically finds, appraises, and uses the most current and
valid research findings as the basis for clinical decisions’
Five basic stages of the evidence-based practice:
There are five basic stages that must be completed prior to the
incorporation of evidence based practice into a final
performance.
The five stages are:
• The Question: The first stage is to recognize the need of a
new information. The need of this information has to be
transformed into an answerable question. It is must to take care
of the objectivity of an information.
• Finding the Evidence: The second stage in evidence based
practice is choosing the right evidence. It is of primary
importance as no mistake must be allowed in practical
implementation.
• Appraisal: In order to determine the validity and potential
usefulness of evidence, there is a need of a critical
appraisal.
• Acting on Evidence: Once it has been concluded that the
evidence is of sound quality, one has to decide the
incorporation of the evidence into his clinical practice.
• Evaluation and Reflection: This is a fundamental part of
nursing practice. In evaluation and reflection, it is essential
to verify that whether the action taken has achieved the desire
results.
The first stage is basically generates knowledge, where
information is discovered by a scientific inquiry and a
traditional research. This knowledge is then summarized and is
created into a useful and an informative data. This ultimately
leads towards more credible results. Then this evidence is
transformed into practical recommendations and integrated into
practice.
High quality of professional nursing care is a key factor in the
professional nursing practice. This factor is one of the basic
elements which holds a decisive tool regarding how a patient
must be taken care of. As far as the staff nurse is concerned,
it possess a critical linkage to bring research-based changed
into clinical practice.
Observing the environment, a health care organization has to
attentive and efficient regarding the application of research
findings, which related to the point-of-care deliverance.
A Clinical example for a professional evidence-based practice
Let’s take a clinical example to understand this factor more
Deeply:
As we know that infections can easily be spread on the hands of
healthcare workers.So, there is a need of proper hand hygiene
policy. As this policy might take minutes before entering a room
to deliver patient care. These minutes are very precious in a
busy hospital, where nurses care for many critically ill
patients. In order to save time, many hospitals have turned to
alcohol-based handrubs.These hand cleaners are being put closer
to patients.However, one might wonder if alcohol based hand rubs
which are placed inside the rooms of patients would help
increasing the incidence of hand washing and would lessen
nosocomial infection.
Different programs are taking steps for providing consumers
with a benchmark to determine the quality of care. According to
them, recognition of quality patient care, excellence in nursing
and innovation in professional nursing practice must highly be
kept under consideration.
Movements of evidence-based practice and the significant
assistances help nurses to improve research utilization. It is
very necessary for busy health professional to have a good
awareness regarding the latest researches and knowledge. This
would ultimately help them to take care of their patients in as
best way as possible.
Evidence-based medicine:
Main focus for the evidence-based medicine is the need for
medical practitioners to support their studies and activities on
the latest knowledge. The evidence-based practice acknowledges
the obstacles faced by busy practitioners and keeps them updated
with a healthy literature regarding health care. Besides
that, evidence-based practice emphasizes the need of a condensed
information.
Conclusion
The rapid expansion of literature on evidence-based practice in
nursing must be observed actively and carefully. A growing
awareness has been observed in United states and much work has
already been started in the United Kingdom. Besides that,
Australia, New Zealand and some other countries, are taking
efforts for the required development of infrastructure of
evidence-based health care and nursing.
Life and health of a patient depends on the quality of care and
Nursing. Not a single space for any kind of mistake is allowed
in the profession of nursing. Evidence-based practice supports
this factor for the best possible outcomes for the health of a
patient.
Monday, October 24, 2011
Saturday, October 22, 2011
Food and Agriculture sector in Pakistan
South Asian countries are mostly the rural-based countries, where more than half of their labor forces are engaged in agriculture.
It has been found out that the population was expected to rise at 1.6% during the year 2010.It has now been expected that by 2020, the population of this region will increase up to the level of 206 million in Pakistan. As a result, the demand for food grain like wheat and rice is expected to increase considerably with the growth of population and income.However, the huge technological phenomenon can fulfill the actual demand.
As far as Pakistan is concerned, agriculture is a very significant sector of the economy of Pakistan.Infact, the welfare of a large population depends on a resourceful harnessing of the agricultural source of Pakistan. The population of Pakistan has reached to a level of above 145 million and to fulfill the needs of the growing population, there is the need of a continuous increment through an enhancement in per hectare yields. It is thus, important for farmers to be able to use a balanced package of technology.
It seems that the private sectors have put efforts to support pesticides and fertilizers. This has showed a good output.However, a lack has still been found in the quality of seeds which has seriously started to affect the general production finances of the farmers.
It has been mentioned in a research that the overall agricultural GDP growth rate in Pakistan was below potential in the past several years.This low rate was the result of some provisional factors like the critical conditions of weather. Besides that, in the overall period of 1989-90 to 2004-05, the average growth rate was being calculated up to 2.3 %.However, it increased to 3% after a period of time but, again it was only 1.5% in 2007.
Top Production in Pakistan in the year 2008
Commodity Production (Int$1000)
Buffalo milk, whole, fresh 9957907
Wheat 3023994
Cotton lint 2983804
Cow milk, whole, fresh 2918026
Rice, paddy 2162313
Indigenous Cattle Meat 1406209
Sugar cane 1194856
Indigenous Buffalo Meat 1144793
Indigenous Chicken Meat 700330
Cottonseed 449528
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas 427005
Hen eggs, in shell 417796
Indigenous Goat Meat 397314
Chillies and peppers, dry 386122
Onions, dry 371381
Potatoes 347249
Maize 311997
Indigenous Sheep Meat 304185
Oranges 302448
Dates 213193
It can be said that the agricultural rate has basically revealed mixed trends in the period of the current decade. The growth rate was up to 7.9% in 2005, which was good but, later the challenges like weather and water scarcity let the growth rate towards a critical condition. According to the researches, the annual agriculture growth rate of Pakistan from 2004-05 to 2010 is as following:
Year Growth Rate Target
2009-10 2.0% 3.8%
2008-09 4.7% 3.5%
2007-08 1.5% 4.8%
2006-07 5.0% -
2005-06 2.5% 4.2%
2004-05 7.9% 4%
As far as the total cereal production of 2010 is concerned, it has been calculated around 35 million tonnes, which is around 7% lower than that of 2009, which is at the same level of the 5 year average.However, the overall cereal exports for 2009/2010 were estimated till 3.5 million tonnes, compared to 3.8% million tones of the average of 5 year.
Source: http://www.fao.org
According to the latest studies, the recent floods have led Pakistan towards substantial damage of the crops. The floods have killed 200,000 livestock and have destroyed about 4.25 million acres of crop which were worth US$5 billion. Pakistan has lost major crops like wheat, cotton, rice, suger cane and millet. Besides that, much damage has been done to the new seed varieties which were developed over years. It has also been expected that the long-lasting floods would affect region’s ecology. Above all, it has been declared that the recent floods have changed the overall agricultural scenario of Pakistan.
In fact, the destroyed crops include about three million bales of cotton which were worth US$1 billion. Following that, Pakistan has lost sugarcane worth US$588 million, maize which were worth US$259 million, rice paddies of worth US$247 million and above 667,000 tonnes of wheat of worth US$190 million. Besides that, Pakistan has lost livestock worth US$1 billion and vegetables and fruits worth US$18 million have been lost.
The food and agriculture sector in Pakistan needs a lot of attention and hard work. The latest researches have declared that there is the need of an optimal utilization, management and development of water resources, in order to achieve self-adequacy in food grain production and exportable surplus.
The economy of Pakistan is based upon agriculture. Awareness must be brought up regarding the use of appropriate irrigation technologies. Strong steps must be taken to control the prices of food because with the crash of the present food inflation, the inflation numbers for the final half of the year 2011 are expected to come down. The domestic consumption of Wheat in the same year has been expected to go downward. According to a long-term forecast, the consumption of wheat is expected to outpace production by the year 2014/15.Pakistan could find itself in an adverse scenario of being dependent on imports, in order to meet the domestic demand. This situation is vulnerable to the price fluctuations on the world markets as well. Due to the floods, the price of wheat flour has been shorted by more than 80% in some areas.
The flood scenario has distorted the cropping systems, soil characteristics and the depth of underground water. There is a need of an active practice of purchasing agriculture produce directly from farmers in the poultry industry. Pakistan Poultry association (PPA) is concerned over the imposition of about 3.5% WHT on the production of agriculture. The efficiency in farming has become very necessary for the development of poultry industry in Pakistan. The industry is putting efforts to increase the productivity concerning the current food and agricultural scenario in Pakistan. The population of Pakistan directly effects the food requirements and the water which is required to gain the required grain productions. So, there is a need of an improved food and agricultural policy to control the food and agriculture scenario in Pakistan.
It has been found out that the population was expected to rise at 1.6% during the year 2010.It has now been expected that by 2020, the population of this region will increase up to the level of 206 million in Pakistan. As a result, the demand for food grain like wheat and rice is expected to increase considerably with the growth of population and income.However, the huge technological phenomenon can fulfill the actual demand.
As far as Pakistan is concerned, agriculture is a very significant sector of the economy of Pakistan.Infact, the welfare of a large population depends on a resourceful harnessing of the agricultural source of Pakistan. The population of Pakistan has reached to a level of above 145 million and to fulfill the needs of the growing population, there is the need of a continuous increment through an enhancement in per hectare yields. It is thus, important for farmers to be able to use a balanced package of technology.
It seems that the private sectors have put efforts to support pesticides and fertilizers. This has showed a good output.However, a lack has still been found in the quality of seeds which has seriously started to affect the general production finances of the farmers.
It has been mentioned in a research that the overall agricultural GDP growth rate in Pakistan was below potential in the past several years.This low rate was the result of some provisional factors like the critical conditions of weather. Besides that, in the overall period of 1989-90 to 2004-05, the average growth rate was being calculated up to 2.3 %.However, it increased to 3% after a period of time but, again it was only 1.5% in 2007.
Top Production in Pakistan in the year 2008
Commodity Production (Int$1000)
Buffalo milk, whole, fresh 9957907
Wheat 3023994
Cotton lint 2983804
Cow milk, whole, fresh 2918026
Rice, paddy 2162313
Indigenous Cattle Meat 1406209
Sugar cane 1194856
Indigenous Buffalo Meat 1144793
Indigenous Chicken Meat 700330
Cottonseed 449528
Mangoes, mangosteens, guavas 427005
Hen eggs, in shell 417796
Indigenous Goat Meat 397314
Chillies and peppers, dry 386122
Onions, dry 371381
Potatoes 347249
Maize 311997
Indigenous Sheep Meat 304185
Oranges 302448
Dates 213193
It can be said that the agricultural rate has basically revealed mixed trends in the period of the current decade. The growth rate was up to 7.9% in 2005, which was good but, later the challenges like weather and water scarcity let the growth rate towards a critical condition. According to the researches, the annual agriculture growth rate of Pakistan from 2004-05 to 2010 is as following:
Year Growth Rate Target
2009-10 2.0% 3.8%
2008-09 4.7% 3.5%
2007-08 1.5% 4.8%
2006-07 5.0% -
2005-06 2.5% 4.2%
2004-05 7.9% 4%
As far as the total cereal production of 2010 is concerned, it has been calculated around 35 million tonnes, which is around 7% lower than that of 2009, which is at the same level of the 5 year average.However, the overall cereal exports for 2009/2010 were estimated till 3.5 million tonnes, compared to 3.8% million tones of the average of 5 year.
Source: http://www.fao.org
According to the latest studies, the recent floods have led Pakistan towards substantial damage of the crops. The floods have killed 200,000 livestock and have destroyed about 4.25 million acres of crop which were worth US$5 billion. Pakistan has lost major crops like wheat, cotton, rice, suger cane and millet. Besides that, much damage has been done to the new seed varieties which were developed over years. It has also been expected that the long-lasting floods would affect region’s ecology. Above all, it has been declared that the recent floods have changed the overall agricultural scenario of Pakistan.
In fact, the destroyed crops include about three million bales of cotton which were worth US$1 billion. Following that, Pakistan has lost sugarcane worth US$588 million, maize which were worth US$259 million, rice paddies of worth US$247 million and above 667,000 tonnes of wheat of worth US$190 million. Besides that, Pakistan has lost livestock worth US$1 billion and vegetables and fruits worth US$18 million have been lost.
The food and agriculture sector in Pakistan needs a lot of attention and hard work. The latest researches have declared that there is the need of an optimal utilization, management and development of water resources, in order to achieve self-adequacy in food grain production and exportable surplus.
The economy of Pakistan is based upon agriculture. Awareness must be brought up regarding the use of appropriate irrigation technologies. Strong steps must be taken to control the prices of food because with the crash of the present food inflation, the inflation numbers for the final half of the year 2011 are expected to come down. The domestic consumption of Wheat in the same year has been expected to go downward. According to a long-term forecast, the consumption of wheat is expected to outpace production by the year 2014/15.Pakistan could find itself in an adverse scenario of being dependent on imports, in order to meet the domestic demand. This situation is vulnerable to the price fluctuations on the world markets as well. Due to the floods, the price of wheat flour has been shorted by more than 80% in some areas.
The flood scenario has distorted the cropping systems, soil characteristics and the depth of underground water. There is a need of an active practice of purchasing agriculture produce directly from farmers in the poultry industry. Pakistan Poultry association (PPA) is concerned over the imposition of about 3.5% WHT on the production of agriculture. The efficiency in farming has become very necessary for the development of poultry industry in Pakistan. The industry is putting efforts to increase the productivity concerning the current food and agricultural scenario in Pakistan. The population of Pakistan directly effects the food requirements and the water which is required to gain the required grain productions. So, there is a need of an improved food and agricultural policy to control the food and agriculture scenario in Pakistan.
Monday, October 10, 2011
Chemical sector in Pakistan
Chemical sector plays a fundamental role in the economic development of any nation. The global business of chemical forms the structure of the modern world. It converts essential raw materials into more than 70,000 various products, for industry as well as the goods of consumers that people depend on in their daily life. The modern chemical industry can be divided into four wide categories, including basic chemicals, specialty chemicals, life sciences, and consumer products. The cause for its outstanding success is the constant scientific and technological advances and breakthroughs, which have led to the expansion of new products and procedures.
During the time of independence, chemical industry in Pakistan was almost non-existent. Some traditional sectors have been developed over the years.However; the Chemical Industry in Pakistan is still at an emerging phase.
As far as the classification of the Chemical industry development of Pakistan is concerned, it can be classified into two sectors.1) the primary sector and 2) the secondary sector. Primary sector industries are at a large-scale. They are capital intensive industries that comprise refineries, natural gas, petrochemicals, metallurgical and projects based on mineral. They also supply feed stocks to the secondary chemical industry. Secondary industries are based on feed stocks which are either derived from primary sector of industries, or other different sources of raw materials. These industries are less capital intensive and they are based on high, medium or less advanced technologies.
By tradition, exports from Pakistan are basically the goods produced with low technology, feed stocks including resources like cotton, textiles, readymade garments and leather. These include 60% of total exports. The composition and contribution in exports of average and high products based on technology, containing chemicals, petrochemicals and other manufactured products is very small. It has varied between 8-10% of total exports from Pakistan. On the other hand, Pakistan possesses a very high addiction of imports of goods which are high value-added, and are expensive. Chemicals, medicines, drugs, dyes, capital plant, equipment and machinery, jointly account for about 40% of total imports with an expected value of US$16.3 billion for the year 2007-2008. Accordingly, the trade balance has been constantly increasing and was US$20.9 billion in 2007/08.
Chemicals like pesticides, fertilizers and industrial and consumer chemicals have become very important in many economic activities. They are actively being used in the industrial, agricultural and consumer sectors of Pakistan.However, Unfortunately there are no centralized treatment facility anywhere in the country.
According to a recent Healthcare Report: Pakistan’s rank is 16 in BMI’s Asia Pacific Business Environment (BERs).When observed on international basis, the rank of Pakistan is 75 out of 83 surveyed markets. Pakistan is facing issues due to instability and other happenings but, due to its strategic importance, Pakistan's foreign allies are expected to do everything they can to ensure its stability. However, foreign drug makers are also expected to continue to take a cautious stance regarding direct investment in the country.
In 2010, the overall rate of medicine, drugs and over-the-counter medicines has been calculated up to PKR 159.2bn (US$1.79bn).It has been observed that the medicine sector could face huge losses in FY10/11.This might be the result of uncertainty in the industry.
All the way through to 2014, the value of market at consumer prices is expected to be at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.13%. However, growth will only be 3.50% in US dollar terms, which would also proceed as prevention to foreign participation. The situation can improve over the ten-year forecast period, with CAGR rates as 8.84% and 6.98%, respectively.
Medicated drugs are expected to account at around 76- 78% for the five- and ten-year spans.
Besides, other business activities since years, different Chemicals are being imported and exported from Pakistan.
Discussing the consolidated figures for imports & exports such as chemicals, fertilizers, plastics, rubber, medicines, dyes & pigments, soaps & detergents, and the section of chemicals for the period from 2002-03 to 2008-09. Imports increased from 768 Million US $ in 2002-03 to 5,166 Million US $ in 2008-09 .On the other hand increment in exports was shown from 118 Million US $ in 2002-03 to 411 Million US $. Chemical shares in the total imports were about 15% while its share in exports was about 2.3%. The total imports of plants and equipment used for the manufacture of chemicals contributed about 23% of overall imports of Pakistan. The combined shares of the two categories like plants/equipments and chemicals were about 38% of country’s general imports and among major contributors of country’s imports. Pakistan’s trade deficit was about -- Billion US $ which has been increased to 17 Billion US $ in the year 2008-09.
According to the recent researches. For the time being, floods and political issues are expected to remain key features in Pakistan. From an economic point of view, it is expected that a decline in production and a provocation of price pressures will intensify stag factionary concerns, whereas modernization efforts will consume public funds for years to come. Besides that, the chemical industry has been involved in some crucial issues, especially after India blocked Chemical imports from Pakistan.
The Textile Processing is one of the most value-added, export-oriented as well as labor-intensive sectors of Textile Industry in Pakistan. The associated bodies with the textile processing opened three Regional/Zonal Offices in Faisalabad, Karachi, and Lahore/Gujranwala.
The total number of its associate units in the year 2009-10 was more than 450 spread all over Pakistan. The major object in the organization is to protect and promote the concerns of all persons who are dealing in the processing of textile products in Dyeing, Printing and Finishing.
For the recent development in the chemical sector of Pakistan, it must create its own capability and accomplish self-sufficiency in project design, engineering as well as the construction management required for the commercialization of technologies. There is a need to develop qualifications in the creation of medium and high technology based chemicals for export, along with the present industrial structure based on low technology resource based products. Above all, Pakistan must provide suitable inducements to entrepreneurs for the enlargement of an export-oriented chemical industry.
During the time of independence, chemical industry in Pakistan was almost non-existent. Some traditional sectors have been developed over the years.However; the Chemical Industry in Pakistan is still at an emerging phase.
As far as the classification of the Chemical industry development of Pakistan is concerned, it can be classified into two sectors.1) the primary sector and 2) the secondary sector. Primary sector industries are at a large-scale. They are capital intensive industries that comprise refineries, natural gas, petrochemicals, metallurgical and projects based on mineral. They also supply feed stocks to the secondary chemical industry. Secondary industries are based on feed stocks which are either derived from primary sector of industries, or other different sources of raw materials. These industries are less capital intensive and they are based on high, medium or less advanced technologies.
By tradition, exports from Pakistan are basically the goods produced with low technology, feed stocks including resources like cotton, textiles, readymade garments and leather. These include 60% of total exports. The composition and contribution in exports of average and high products based on technology, containing chemicals, petrochemicals and other manufactured products is very small. It has varied between 8-10% of total exports from Pakistan. On the other hand, Pakistan possesses a very high addiction of imports of goods which are high value-added, and are expensive. Chemicals, medicines, drugs, dyes, capital plant, equipment and machinery, jointly account for about 40% of total imports with an expected value of US$16.3 billion for the year 2007-2008. Accordingly, the trade balance has been constantly increasing and was US$20.9 billion in 2007/08.
Chemicals like pesticides, fertilizers and industrial and consumer chemicals have become very important in many economic activities. They are actively being used in the industrial, agricultural and consumer sectors of Pakistan.However, Unfortunately there are no centralized treatment facility anywhere in the country.
According to a recent Healthcare Report: Pakistan’s rank is 16 in BMI’s Asia Pacific Business Environment (BERs).When observed on international basis, the rank of Pakistan is 75 out of 83 surveyed markets. Pakistan is facing issues due to instability and other happenings but, due to its strategic importance, Pakistan's foreign allies are expected to do everything they can to ensure its stability. However, foreign drug makers are also expected to continue to take a cautious stance regarding direct investment in the country.
In 2010, the overall rate of medicine, drugs and over-the-counter medicines has been calculated up to PKR 159.2bn (US$1.79bn).It has been observed that the medicine sector could face huge losses in FY10/11.This might be the result of uncertainty in the industry.
All the way through to 2014, the value of market at consumer prices is expected to be at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.13%. However, growth will only be 3.50% in US dollar terms, which would also proceed as prevention to foreign participation. The situation can improve over the ten-year forecast period, with CAGR rates as 8.84% and 6.98%, respectively.
Medicated drugs are expected to account at around 76- 78% for the five- and ten-year spans.
Besides, other business activities since years, different Chemicals are being imported and exported from Pakistan.
Discussing the consolidated figures for imports & exports such as chemicals, fertilizers, plastics, rubber, medicines, dyes & pigments, soaps & detergents, and the section of chemicals for the period from 2002-03 to 2008-09. Imports increased from 768 Million US $ in 2002-03 to 5,166 Million US $ in 2008-09 .On the other hand increment in exports was shown from 118 Million US $ in 2002-03 to 411 Million US $. Chemical shares in the total imports were about 15% while its share in exports was about 2.3%. The total imports of plants and equipment used for the manufacture of chemicals contributed about 23% of overall imports of Pakistan. The combined shares of the two categories like plants/equipments and chemicals were about 38% of country’s general imports and among major contributors of country’s imports. Pakistan’s trade deficit was about -- Billion US $ which has been increased to 17 Billion US $ in the year 2008-09.
According to the recent researches. For the time being, floods and political issues are expected to remain key features in Pakistan. From an economic point of view, it is expected that a decline in production and a provocation of price pressures will intensify stag factionary concerns, whereas modernization efforts will consume public funds for years to come. Besides that, the chemical industry has been involved in some crucial issues, especially after India blocked Chemical imports from Pakistan.
The Textile Processing is one of the most value-added, export-oriented as well as labor-intensive sectors of Textile Industry in Pakistan. The associated bodies with the textile processing opened three Regional/Zonal Offices in Faisalabad, Karachi, and Lahore/Gujranwala.
The total number of its associate units in the year 2009-10 was more than 450 spread all over Pakistan. The major object in the organization is to protect and promote the concerns of all persons who are dealing in the processing of textile products in Dyeing, Printing and Finishing.
For the recent development in the chemical sector of Pakistan, it must create its own capability and accomplish self-sufficiency in project design, engineering as well as the construction management required for the commercialization of technologies. There is a need to develop qualifications in the creation of medium and high technology based chemicals for export, along with the present industrial structure based on low technology resource based products. Above all, Pakistan must provide suitable inducements to entrepreneurs for the enlargement of an export-oriented chemical industry.
Tuesday, August 23, 2011
Banking and Investment sector in Pakistan
The development in the banking sector and the real economy are equally supported by each other. An emergent and vibrant banking sector is fundamental for economic growth in Pakistan. The banking sector comprises the foundation of the financial sector in Pakistan.
The government owned Institutions dominated the banking in Pakistan. It accommodated the economic needs of the government, public enterprises as well as private sectors. Public sector dominancy leads to inefficiency in the banking sector. Besides that, the economic efficiency of the banks remained short and that directed towards low savings and investment in the private sector which then resulted in small growth. These problems comprised of the intense ownership of financial assets, high taxes, and narrow range of products. Other than that, they did not diversify into consumer and mortgage financing.
In order to develop the efficiency of financial system, the Government of
Pakistan introduced the macroeconomic and financial sector restructuring program.
After the privatization of most of the chief banks, the banking sector has developed in size. Besides the banking sector has become more competitive and economically stronger. The enhancement of management brought high productivity, trace short non-performing loans (NPLs) and levels of capital adequacy well above dictatorial necessities .Despite the successful growth in recent years, the banking sector prolongs to have a great prospective for further enlargement, diversification and financial growth.
The financial sector is too bank-centered and in order to meet the future financing needs of the country, it needs to become more diversified. The increase in the financing supplies of private and public communications’ investment, mostly in the transportation and energy sectors, are expected to remain unmet until the development of new long-term financing sources outside the banking sector. According to a conservative estimation of the GOP’s Medium Term Development Framework for 2005-10, around USD 150 billion (Rs. 12.0 trillion) will be required for such investments over the time it faces.
However, The BSS assembles and develops on the presented SBP Strategic Plan for 2005-10.That plan included some 20 functional as well as management strategies. It’s been observed that many of those strategies have been implemented, while others have been integrated with the BSS.
A multi-faceted microfinance has been developed by SBP and Pakistan Microfinance Network (PFM) to triple the number of microfinance beneficiaries from 1 million to 3 million by 2010 and then to 10 million by the year 2015. In order to support this program, commercialization of the microfinance industry has been encouraged so that it becomes sustainable socially and financially.
According to a research, Banks will be required to increase their MCR to Rs. 23.0 billion by the end of 2013.Except microfinance banks (MFBs); all banks will be required to comply. The requirements of MCR for DFIs have been kept the same as was instructed. This forced banks (and DFIs) either to strengthen further by finding merger partners or exit the market, with the higher MCRs as a new spate.
The researches have also concluded that the State Bank of Pakistan has accepted the merger of Atlas Bank and Summit Bank (Arif Habib Bank Ltd). Merger, acquirement and LBOs (Leveraged Buyouts) in the banking sector in Pakistan have been found out to be more common as compared to the other sectors. The trend signifies that it is an improved and developed sector than any other. However, other sectors like textile, leather, apparel, pharmaceuticals are considered as the major industries in Pakistan.
It has been observed that despite some significant achievements, the microcredit growth target which reached out to 3 million borrowers by the end of 2010, embarked in the strategy, continued to be unattained for many reasons. As a result, SBP initiated the practice to re‐visit the policy of 2007 in the current context and build up a medium term deliberated outline for sustainable microfinance in Pakistan.
On the other hand, the industry is yet to create foremost breakthroughs to develop into a dynamic contributor within the general financial sector and to contact millions of underserved people. The existing outreach of 2 million borrowers is merely 7% of the potential market. The Microfinance Strategy of the year 2007 rest a mark to reach 3 million borrowers by the end of 2010 from 0.9 million borrowers as it was in Dec 31, 2006.
The sector accomplished an inspiring growth rate of 43% per annum in 2007 and 2008, though, the microcredit growth lowered down in 2009 and 2010. Even though the growth of credit remained lower than its target, the microbanking industry progressed in deposit mobilization and microinsurance.
As far as the deals and companies in the sector of Banking are concerned, they found out to be as:
• Debt Financing: 70%
• IPOs: 15%
• M&A: 10%
• Restructuring: 5%
M&A is most common in the banking sectors. Here’s a table of M&A activity from 2002 – 2010 that has been updated from time to time:
M&A in Pakistan seldom takes place to create value; this consolidation in the banking sector is determined by dictatorial requirements.
According to the updated commercial banking report of Pakistan, the commercial banking forecast series of BMI covers 59 countries that account for 80% of global GDP. Each report which was being researched at source shows independent assessment of BMI and 5-year forecasts to end-2014 for the commercial banking sector in the market. By the means of its expertise in the country risk and financial markets analysis, BMI has produced private models to estimate a capital of key variables on the commercial banking sector. Historic and forecast data have been provided for the sector’s overall asset and liability growth, client loans, and client deposits. Forecasts for basic ratios counting the loan-deposit ratio and the loan-asset ratio are also included, in addition to the core macro-economic forecasts. Data has been presented in both local currency and US dollar terms.
Private sector investment and consumption should be observed as the key elements of the economy. They must be supported by increasing economic intermediation and services, counting banks as well as non-bank financial institutions, stock market and the debt securities. Changes should be introduced and developed on the strengths of the financial coordination, effort on removing the flaws and gaps and concur upon the speed, contents and staging of these reforms.
The government owned Institutions dominated the banking in Pakistan. It accommodated the economic needs of the government, public enterprises as well as private sectors. Public sector dominancy leads to inefficiency in the banking sector. Besides that, the economic efficiency of the banks remained short and that directed towards low savings and investment in the private sector which then resulted in small growth. These problems comprised of the intense ownership of financial assets, high taxes, and narrow range of products. Other than that, they did not diversify into consumer and mortgage financing.
In order to develop the efficiency of financial system, the Government of
Pakistan introduced the macroeconomic and financial sector restructuring program.
After the privatization of most of the chief banks, the banking sector has developed in size. Besides the banking sector has become more competitive and economically stronger. The enhancement of management brought high productivity, trace short non-performing loans (NPLs) and levels of capital adequacy well above dictatorial necessities .Despite the successful growth in recent years, the banking sector prolongs to have a great prospective for further enlargement, diversification and financial growth.
The financial sector is too bank-centered and in order to meet the future financing needs of the country, it needs to become more diversified. The increase in the financing supplies of private and public communications’ investment, mostly in the transportation and energy sectors, are expected to remain unmet until the development of new long-term financing sources outside the banking sector. According to a conservative estimation of the GOP’s Medium Term Development Framework for 2005-10, around USD 150 billion (Rs. 12.0 trillion) will be required for such investments over the time it faces.
However, The BSS assembles and develops on the presented SBP Strategic Plan for 2005-10.That plan included some 20 functional as well as management strategies. It’s been observed that many of those strategies have been implemented, while others have been integrated with the BSS.
A multi-faceted microfinance has been developed by SBP and Pakistan Microfinance Network (PFM) to triple the number of microfinance beneficiaries from 1 million to 3 million by 2010 and then to 10 million by the year 2015. In order to support this program, commercialization of the microfinance industry has been encouraged so that it becomes sustainable socially and financially.
According to a research, Banks will be required to increase their MCR to Rs. 23.0 billion by the end of 2013.Except microfinance banks (MFBs); all banks will be required to comply. The requirements of MCR for DFIs have been kept the same as was instructed. This forced banks (and DFIs) either to strengthen further by finding merger partners or exit the market, with the higher MCRs as a new spate.
The researches have also concluded that the State Bank of Pakistan has accepted the merger of Atlas Bank and Summit Bank (Arif Habib Bank Ltd). Merger, acquirement and LBOs (Leveraged Buyouts) in the banking sector in Pakistan have been found out to be more common as compared to the other sectors. The trend signifies that it is an improved and developed sector than any other. However, other sectors like textile, leather, apparel, pharmaceuticals are considered as the major industries in Pakistan.
It has been observed that despite some significant achievements, the microcredit growth target which reached out to 3 million borrowers by the end of 2010, embarked in the strategy, continued to be unattained for many reasons. As a result, SBP initiated the practice to re‐visit the policy of 2007 in the current context and build up a medium term deliberated outline for sustainable microfinance in Pakistan.
On the other hand, the industry is yet to create foremost breakthroughs to develop into a dynamic contributor within the general financial sector and to contact millions of underserved people. The existing outreach of 2 million borrowers is merely 7% of the potential market. The Microfinance Strategy of the year 2007 rest a mark to reach 3 million borrowers by the end of 2010 from 0.9 million borrowers as it was in Dec 31, 2006.
The sector accomplished an inspiring growth rate of 43% per annum in 2007 and 2008, though, the microcredit growth lowered down in 2009 and 2010. Even though the growth of credit remained lower than its target, the microbanking industry progressed in deposit mobilization and microinsurance.
As far as the deals and companies in the sector of Banking are concerned, they found out to be as:
• Debt Financing: 70%
• IPOs: 15%
• M&A: 10%
• Restructuring: 5%
M&A is most common in the banking sectors. Here’s a table of M&A activity from 2002 – 2010 that has been updated from time to time:
M&A in Pakistan seldom takes place to create value; this consolidation in the banking sector is determined by dictatorial requirements.
According to the updated commercial banking report of Pakistan, the commercial banking forecast series of BMI covers 59 countries that account for 80% of global GDP. Each report which was being researched at source shows independent assessment of BMI and 5-year forecasts to end-2014 for the commercial banking sector in the market. By the means of its expertise in the country risk and financial markets analysis, BMI has produced private models to estimate a capital of key variables on the commercial banking sector. Historic and forecast data have been provided for the sector’s overall asset and liability growth, client loans, and client deposits. Forecasts for basic ratios counting the loan-deposit ratio and the loan-asset ratio are also included, in addition to the core macro-economic forecasts. Data has been presented in both local currency and US dollar terms.
Private sector investment and consumption should be observed as the key elements of the economy. They must be supported by increasing economic intermediation and services, counting banks as well as non-bank financial institutions, stock market and the debt securities. Changes should be introduced and developed on the strengths of the financial coordination, effort on removing the flaws and gaps and concur upon the speed, contents and staging of these reforms.
Saturday, July 2, 2011
Mobile Technology beyond our imagination
Introduction of new and advanced technologies have brought a great revolution in the digital world. The technology of mobile comes under such great technologies. The use of mobiles is no more limited to the deliverance of personal messages. The advancements in mobile technology and their uses have surprised us to a greater extent, both negatively as well as positively.
Mobile technology has played a dynamic role for education. Students can access Internet through the great technology of mobile broadband. This permit students and researchers to do research whenever and wherever they want.
Observing the way of giving out news, mobile technology now allows us to get breaking news as soon as possible. An individual can now make quick and informed decisions via real time information by mobile technology. The amazing features of Wi-Fi and GPRS have provided the facility of using Internet anywhere and anytime.
As far as the global commerce is concerned, mobile technology has allowed us to market the data we require, by using our mobile phones. Besides that, the introduction of 3G technology has developed the way of conducting business by introducing the characteristics of video calls, sharing large files and browsing the Internet. Among other developments, Promotion of products and brands via mobile is becoming very much active in the world. It’s one of the prominent developments in business in the digital world. It has been found out that the Web and Mobile Marketing are the most productive marketing sources in the digital media.
It’s been expected that the total global IT would increase by nearly six per cent this year. This is expected to happen by means of mobile and other social technologies.
It has also been mentioned in a research that the technologies are finally being integrated with each other, such as cloud with mobile, mobile with social networking, social networking with big data and real-time analytics.
Thus, with the increasing number of masses using mobile technology, projects are reaching a wider pool of prospective clients. On the other hand, mobile banking has let the bankers live an easier life as the convenience in transferring money saves a lot of time.
Mobile technology has become a great helper of people in emergencies as well. According to a research in 2009, 71% of men and 77% of women used their mobiles in their emergency situations.
However, if the proper precautions are not taken regarding the use of mobile technology, one can face a great loss personally as well as in other means. Among many others, one true example is the exposure of valuable data to unauthorized people. Care should be taken for the security of data.
The use of the developing mobile technology depends completely on an individual and the society. It’s our responsibility to make a positive use of this technology. When used negatively, it has a great power to destroy a good part of the world and when used positively, it has the greatest power to let us move ahead and get more advanced in the world of technology.
Mobile technology has played a dynamic role for education. Students can access Internet through the great technology of mobile broadband. This permit students and researchers to do research whenever and wherever they want.
Observing the way of giving out news, mobile technology now allows us to get breaking news as soon as possible. An individual can now make quick and informed decisions via real time information by mobile technology. The amazing features of Wi-Fi and GPRS have provided the facility of using Internet anywhere and anytime.
As far as the global commerce is concerned, mobile technology has allowed us to market the data we require, by using our mobile phones. Besides that, the introduction of 3G technology has developed the way of conducting business by introducing the characteristics of video calls, sharing large files and browsing the Internet. Among other developments, Promotion of products and brands via mobile is becoming very much active in the world. It’s one of the prominent developments in business in the digital world. It has been found out that the Web and Mobile Marketing are the most productive marketing sources in the digital media.
It’s been expected that the total global IT would increase by nearly six per cent this year. This is expected to happen by means of mobile and other social technologies.
It has also been mentioned in a research that the technologies are finally being integrated with each other, such as cloud with mobile, mobile with social networking, social networking with big data and real-time analytics.
Thus, with the increasing number of masses using mobile technology, projects are reaching a wider pool of prospective clients. On the other hand, mobile banking has let the bankers live an easier life as the convenience in transferring money saves a lot of time.
Mobile technology has become a great helper of people in emergencies as well. According to a research in 2009, 71% of men and 77% of women used their mobiles in their emergency situations.
However, if the proper precautions are not taken regarding the use of mobile technology, one can face a great loss personally as well as in other means. Among many others, one true example is the exposure of valuable data to unauthorized people. Care should be taken for the security of data.
The use of the developing mobile technology depends completely on an individual and the society. It’s our responsibility to make a positive use of this technology. When used negatively, it has a great power to destroy a good part of the world and when used positively, it has the greatest power to let us move ahead and get more advanced in the world of technology.
Monday, June 27, 2011
The technology trends of 2011 and Social Media
Endorsement of products and brands and other different activities via social media are becoming very much active in the world. It’s a great revolution in the digital world.
According to a research firm, social media, cloud services and mobile devices are among the key transformative technologies that are moving into the mainstream.
However, it’s been expected that the total global IT would increase by nearly six per cent next year, by means of mobile and social technologies which have been considered as the great help to drive this.
It has also been mentioned in a research that the technologies are finally being integrated with each other, such as cloud with mobile, mobile with social networking, social networking with big data and real-time analytics. Besides that, according to a report presented by Ofcom, the UK is already giving more preference to the desktop PCs in favor of mobile devices.
Other than that, laptops are the most popular devices in Britain, where they are used to surf the internet at home, while the UK saw the uppermost development in Smartphone uptake last year.
As far as the super technology trends of 2011 are concerned, the trends of ‘Smart,’Cloud’,’Social’,’Open’ and ‘Hybrid’ are included in the topmost trends. They are driving IT research and development and the production of consumer electronic products in 2011.
"This year, the number of smart phone users in Korea reached 4 million, and the scope of smart devices was expanded from mobile phone and PC to TV, refrigerator, and automobile," said Samsung SDS in their 2011 IT Mega Trends report published on October 20.
It’s an undeniable fact that Smartphone and Mobile device technologies have been adopted by the consumers all around the world, at a higher rate. This has ultimately resulted in the development of Social networking services as well as location based marketing and social business. On the other side, through an Open Revolution, various ideas of a great number of ordinary people can be considered instead of just concentrating on the ideas of a small number of elites.
Old and New. It’s a fact that social media has been growing to a much greater extent in the past few years and thus, have left the more traditional marketing sectors behind. The combination of the old and new may well mark 2011 out as a defining moment in the record of social media.
It’s true that Social media has been a rising force in the business world for a number of years but, 2011 looks likely to be a more fundamental year.
According to a research firm, social media, cloud services and mobile devices are among the key transformative technologies that are moving into the mainstream.
However, it’s been expected that the total global IT would increase by nearly six per cent next year, by means of mobile and social technologies which have been considered as the great help to drive this.
It has also been mentioned in a research that the technologies are finally being integrated with each other, such as cloud with mobile, mobile with social networking, social networking with big data and real-time analytics. Besides that, according to a report presented by Ofcom, the UK is already giving more preference to the desktop PCs in favor of mobile devices.
Other than that, laptops are the most popular devices in Britain, where they are used to surf the internet at home, while the UK saw the uppermost development in Smartphone uptake last year.
As far as the super technology trends of 2011 are concerned, the trends of ‘Smart,’Cloud’,’Social’,’Open’ and ‘Hybrid’ are included in the topmost trends. They are driving IT research and development and the production of consumer electronic products in 2011.
"This year, the number of smart phone users in Korea reached 4 million, and the scope of smart devices was expanded from mobile phone and PC to TV, refrigerator, and automobile," said Samsung SDS in their 2011 IT Mega Trends report published on October 20.
It’s an undeniable fact that Smartphone and Mobile device technologies have been adopted by the consumers all around the world, at a higher rate. This has ultimately resulted in the development of Social networking services as well as location based marketing and social business. On the other side, through an Open Revolution, various ideas of a great number of ordinary people can be considered instead of just concentrating on the ideas of a small number of elites.
Old and New. It’s a fact that social media has been growing to a much greater extent in the past few years and thus, have left the more traditional marketing sectors behind. The combination of the old and new may well mark 2011 out as a defining moment in the record of social media.
It’s true that Social media has been a rising force in the business world for a number of years but, 2011 looks likely to be a more fundamental year.
Monday, March 21, 2011
Digital Marketing in Pakistan
Digital Marketing in Pakistan
Promotion of products and brands via internet, mobile and other interactive channels is becoming very much active in the world. It’s a great revolution in the digital world.
Pakistan is also playing quite an effective role in this successful revolution. Pakistan has been successful in creating and developing such means which has boosted the digital marketing system in Pakistan. Some specific websites include Search Engines, Social Networking Websites, Shopping Websites/e-commerce Websites, Forums, Blogs, Corporate Websites and Web Directories, etc.
It has been found out that the Web and Mobile Marketing are the most productive marketing sources in the digital media.
Web Marketing in Pakistan
Web Marketing is also known by Online Marketing which ultimately points towards: Internet Marketing, Electronic Marketing, marketing and Online Research.
With websites like, Face book and Google, digital marketing in Pakistan has been increasing effectively. Marketing of products and brands through web marketing has made marketing easier and faster in the world of digital media.
In Web Marketing, the main features of market advertising are being used so that a response can be generated by the people. In this system, the creative as well as technical phase of the internet is being tied together which include design, development, advertising as well as marketing.
Mobile Marketing in Pakistan
Mobile and SMS marketing in Pakistan has introduced a new and active platform for digital marketing in Pakistan. Mobile has the highest recall rate in the world. Following that, Pakistan is also becoming a productive mobile marketer.
Companies spread messages to the receivers through different networks and thus, launch their specific product or brand in the market.
Due to the anti-spam law by PTA, small-time businesses that are using SMS for spamming different database of numbers are diminishing and there is an upward trend of usage of SMS short codes and relevant marketing with the support of ATL and BTL mediums.
In conclusion, the digital marketing medium is on the rise and has a phenomenal potential in Pakistan.
Promotion of products and brands via internet, mobile and other interactive channels is becoming very much active in the world. It’s a great revolution in the digital world.
Pakistan is also playing quite an effective role in this successful revolution. Pakistan has been successful in creating and developing such means which has boosted the digital marketing system in Pakistan. Some specific websites include Search Engines, Social Networking Websites, Shopping Websites/e-commerce Websites, Forums, Blogs, Corporate Websites and Web Directories, etc.
It has been found out that the Web and Mobile Marketing are the most productive marketing sources in the digital media.
Web Marketing in Pakistan
Web Marketing is also known by Online Marketing which ultimately points towards: Internet Marketing, Electronic Marketing, marketing and Online Research.
With websites like, Face book and Google, digital marketing in Pakistan has been increasing effectively. Marketing of products and brands through web marketing has made marketing easier and faster in the world of digital media.
In Web Marketing, the main features of market advertising are being used so that a response can be generated by the people. In this system, the creative as well as technical phase of the internet is being tied together which include design, development, advertising as well as marketing.
Mobile Marketing in Pakistan
Mobile and SMS marketing in Pakistan has introduced a new and active platform for digital marketing in Pakistan. Mobile has the highest recall rate in the world. Following that, Pakistan is also becoming a productive mobile marketer.
Companies spread messages to the receivers through different networks and thus, launch their specific product or brand in the market.
Due to the anti-spam law by PTA, small-time businesses that are using SMS for spamming different database of numbers are diminishing and there is an upward trend of usage of SMS short codes and relevant marketing with the support of ATL and BTL mediums.
In conclusion, the digital marketing medium is on the rise and has a phenomenal potential in Pakistan.
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